Supply reading

After reading this chapter, you will be able to: I. Identify the major drivers of supply chain performance. 2. Discuss the role of each driver in creating strategic fit between the supply chain strategy and the competitive strategy. 3. Detine the key metrics that track the performance of the supply chain in terms of each driver. In this chapter, we introduce the three logistical drivers-facilities, inventory, and transportation-and the three cross-functional drivers-information, sourcing, and pricing-that determine the performance of any supply chain.We discuss how these drivers are used in the design, planning, and operation of the supply chain. We define several metrics that can be used to gauge the performance of each driver. The strategic fit discussed in Chapter 2 requires that a company's supply chain achieve the balance between responsiveness and efficiency that best supports the company's competitive strategy. https://donemyessay.com/numbers-101-900-spanish-1-lopez/To understand how a compa- ny can improve supply chain performance in terms of responsiveness and efficiency, we must examine the logisti- cal and cross-functional drivers of supply chain performance: facilities, inventory, transportation, information, sourcing, and pricing. These drivers interact with each other to determine the supply chain's performance in terms of responsiveness and efficiency. The goal is to structure the drivers to achieve the desired level of responsiveness at the lowest possible cost. First we define each driver and discuss its impact on the performance of the supply chain. . Facilities are the actual physical locations in the supply chain network where product is stored, assembled, or fabricated. The two major types of facilities are production sites and storage sites. Decisions regarding the role, location, capacity, and flexibility of facilities have a significant impact on the supply chain's performa nce. For instance, an auto parts distributor striving for responsiveness could have many warehousing facilities located close to customers even though this practice reduces efficiency.Alternatively, a high-efficiency distributor would have fewer warehouses to increase efficiency despite the fact that this practice will reduce responsiveness. 2. Inventory encompasses all raw materials, work in process, and finished goods within a supply chain. Changing inventory policies can dramatically alter the supply chain's efficiency and responsiveness. For example, 41 42 Part I †¢ Building a Strategic Framework to Analyze Supply Chains a clothing retailer can make itself more responsive by stocking large amounts of inventory and satisfying customer demand from stock.A large inventory, however, increases the retailer's cost, thereby making it less efficient. Spanish apparel retailer Zara has worked hard to shorten new product and replenishment lead times. As a result, the company is very r esponsive but carries low levels of inventory. Zara thus provides responsiveness at low cost. 3. Transportation entails moving inventory from point to point in the supply chain. Transportation can take the form of many combinations of modes and routes, each with its own performance characteristics. Transportation choices have a large impact on supply chain respon- siveness and efficiency.For example, a mail-order catalog company can use a faster mode of . ‘ transportation such as FedEx to ship products, thus making its supply chain more responsive, but also less efficient given the high costs associated with using FedEx. McMaster-Carr and W. W. Grainger, however, have structured their supply chain to provide next-day service to most of their customers using ground transportation. They are providing a high level of responsiveness at lower cost. 4. Information consists of data and analysis concerning facilities, inventory, transportation, costs, prices, and customers tthroughout the supply chain.Information is potentially the biggest driver of performance in the supply chain because it directly affects each of the other drivers. Information presents management with the oopportunity to make supply chains more responsive and more efficient. For example, with information on. customer demand patterns, a pharmaceuti- cal company can produce and stock drugs in anticipation of customer demand, which makes the supply chain very responsive because customers will find the drugs they need when they need them.This demand information can also make the supply chain more efticient because the phar- maceutical firm is better able to forecast demand and produce only the required amount. Seven- Eleven Japan has used information to increase the responsiveness it provides while also lowering cost. 5. Sourcing is the choice of who will perform a particular supply chain aactivity such as pro- duction, storage, transportation, or the management of information. At the strategic l evel, these decisions determine what functions a firm performs and what functions the firm outsources.Sourcing decisions affect both the responsiveness and efficiency of a supply chain. After Motorola outsourced much of its production to contract manufacturers in China, it saw its effi- ciency improve but its responsiveness suffer because of the long distances. To make up for the drop in responsiveness, Motorola started flying in some of its cell phones from China even though this choice increased transportation cost. Flextronics, an electronics contract manufactur- er, is hoping to offer both responsive and efficient sourcing options to its customers.It is trying to make its production facilities in the United States very responsive while keeping its facilities in low-cost countries efficient. Flextronics hopes to become an effective source for all customers using this combination of facilities. 6. Pricing determines how much a firm will charge for goods and services that it makes available in the supply chain. Pricing affects the behavior of the buyer of the good or service, thus affecting supply chain performance.For example, if a transportation company varies its charges based on the lead time provided by the customers, it is very likely that customers who value effi- ciency will order early and customers who value responsiveness will be willing to wait and order just before they need a product transported. Differential pricing provides reoponsiveness to customers that value it and low cost to customers that do nor value responsiveness as much. Our definition of these drivers attempts to delineate logistics and supply chain manage- ment.Supply chain management includes the use of logistical and cross-functional drivers to increase the supply chain surplus. Cross-functional drivers have become increasingly important in raising the supply chain surplus in recent years. While logistics remains a major part, supply chain management is increasingly becoming foc used on the three cross-functional drivers. It is important to realize that these drivers do not act independently but interact with each other to determine the overall supply chain performance. Good supply chain design and operation Chapter 3 †¢ Supply Chain Drivers and Metrics 43 ecognizes this interaction and makes the appropriate trade-offs to deliver the desired level of responsiveness. Consider, for example, the furniture industry in the United States. Low-cost furni- ture sourced from Asia is available at many discount retailers. The primary goal of this supply chain is to deliver a low price and acceptable quality. Vvariety is typically low and retailers such as Wal-Mart stock inventory of finished goods. The low vvariety and stable replenishment orders allow furniture manufacturers in Asia to focus on efficiency. Given the available inventory, low- cost modes of transportation from Asia are used.In this instance, relatively low-cost inventory at the retailer allows the supply chain to become efficient by lowering transportation and production costs. In contrast, some U. S. furniture makers have chosen to focus on providing vvariety. Given the high vvariety and high prices, keeping inventory of all variants at a retailer would be very expensive. In this case the supply chain has been designed so the retailer carries very little inven- tory. Customers place their orders with the retailer by seeing one variant of the furniture and selecting among the various options.The supply chain is made responsive by using information technology to convey order information effectively, structuring very flexible manufacturing facil- ities to be able to produce in small lots, and using responsive transportation to deliver the furniture to the customer. In this instance, responsive facilities, transportation, and information are used to lower inventory costs. As the rest of this chapter will illustrate, the key to achieving strategic fit across the supply chain is to structure the supply chain drivers appropriately to provide the desired level of responsiveness.

Computer Mediated Learning Education

For busy adults with conflicting schedules facing a multitude of family and work demands, who still wish to add to their academic credentials or vocational qualifications, computer mediated learning may seem like an ideal way for such adults to satisfy their educational needs. For an elementary school instructor, however, computer mediated learning lacks the supervisory, mentoring, and hands-on capacity that is usually deemed necessary for imparting basic skills. An â€Å"on-line, collaborative learning approach using the Internet offers solutions to many of the problems plaguing university education,† such as oversubscribed classes and the difficulty for university students to gain access to the required classes that they need to graduate on time. (Jones, 2004) At a higher education level, computer mediated learning allows for students to be enrolled in more sections on a year 'round basis in a university environment-but this is not an advantage enjoyed by elementary school students. At best, in terms of dealing with high enrollment, the computer-mediated classroom is an asset, not a supplement to face-to-face learning on the lower levels of education. Even advocates of distance or computer mediated learning on the university level have stressed that such an educational format works best when students are mature, preferably adult learners, â€Å"comfortable with independent learning and computers,† who have a clear intention of why they wish to obtain their degree. Jones, 2004) Such a description could not be more antithetical to elementary school children. Moreover â€Å"to be successful, the implementation of such a learning approach requires significant technical and educational skills and experience,† as well as motivation on the part of the learners. (Jones, 2004) Does this mean that computer based learning has no place in an elementary school curriculum? Not necessarily. Foreign language instruction that would not otherwise be available to elementary school children is possible through the use of computer based learning, as children can hear and interact with native speakers, and even communicate with classes their own age, across the world. (Perez, 1996) When teaching a foreign language, one teacher found that the new technology encouraged students to think critically, encouraged self-directed learning, and provided a library on-screen of different texts in the language the students was learning. But because the computer medium can allow for passivity on the part of the student, Lucia Perez stresses that a teacher must take an intensively constructivist or hands on approach, to motivate the students to be proactive in their learning, such as assigning independent research topics, rather than permitting students to ‘veg out' in front of a screen, as might be their custom at home when using the computer for pleasure. Likewise, when using computer based learning to teach, for example â€Å"the teaching dilemma was how to simultaneously motivate the students by applying mathematics learning to real life problems of concern to them, and help them to gain quickly the basic skills to do the necessary mathematics manipulations almost automatically,† and once this motivation was integrated into the computer based learning, the program appeared to work well. (Shaw, 1996) Thus, computer based learning can and must be more than simply an effort to transfer face to face classroom instructional practices into a different or virtual medium, for the learning does not take place face to face, but is primarily student-directed. Also, there is more responsibility upon the head of an average Elementary teacher to create assignments that motivate and engage student's imagination when making use of computer based learning for specific, targeted purposes, but when done so effectively, the rewards are great for both teachers and students.

Bluest Eye Essay

she besides retrieve how her sister usage to soothe her by singing to her. With that incident. she remembered that love was present. it is an understood though non straight expressed feeling. The MacTeer family had an add-on ; the first 1 was Mr. Henry Washington who lived with Mrs. Della Jones who already grew old and was left by her hubby who was believed to hold run off with another adult female. Another one is Pecola Breedloove. she is to be commiseration with because her male parent put their household house into ashes and now she’s under the country’s detention. Miss Breedlove. being a portion of the MacTeer household. loves to imbibe milk utilizing Shirley temple cup but Claudia expressed how she ever disliked the Shirley temple and the doll which has giver her as a present for Christmas. She tends to cognize why everyone thinks that the fair-haired doll is beautiful and where could its â€Å"beauty† be found. It was in the afternoon of Saturday when Pecola drank three quarts of milk and Mrs. MacTeer got huffy because of that. the sisters tried to avoid her when Pecola starts shed blooding. Frieda thought that Pecola was merely holding her menses and tried to put a tablet to the latter’s frock. Pecola so all of a sudden asked how babes are made. and so Frieda answered her that she has to happen person to love her first. It is on the Saturday forenoon of October. Mrs. Breedlove aftermaths foremost and started out a sudden explosion of action in the kitchen. Pecola is still in bed but she knows that her female parent will get down a battle with his male parent. The twosome battle between Cholly and his married woman became a everyday every after he gets home rummy. their boy Sammy would really either fall in the battle or run off from place while Pecola would happen a manner of how to stand the state of affairs. Mrs. Breedlove would inquire Cholly to convey her some coal for the range but Cholly would decline to make so and she says that one time she sneezing and gets cold from bringing the coal outside. so the hubby is in problem. Unfortunately Mrs. Breedlove sneezed so the battle started. The married woman would utilize a pan to hit her hubby so their boy would assist her female parent by hitting his male parents head. Once Cholly knocks out. Sammy would inquire his female parent to kill his male parent quick but so his female parent would hush him. On the contrary. Pecola still lies on her bed feeling sick. She even wishes she could merely vanish. She hates herself for her ugliness. her instructor and schoolmates would normally disregard her. She hopes for a blue oculus because she believes that that would do her expression reasonably merely like fair-haired Mary Jane pictured in the confect negligee. Pecola goes to see the cocottes populating above their flat. They are sort to her and would ever state her narratives about their â€Å"boyfriends† who are their clients. China. Poland. and Miss Marie are adult females who are non said to be a victim by their profession. they merely dislike work forces. They don’t experience ashamed of what they are. Pecola was so funny how it is likely to be in love or what love is like. She wonders if love is like her parent’s when doing love ; his male parent doing sounds as if agony in hurting while her female parent is quiet. The winter came when a new miss charmed the whole school. Maureen Peal has a cabinet next to Claudia’s and one twenty-four hours the new comer asked the MacTeer sisters if she could fall in them for walk place. The three misss saw Pecola who was harassed by a circle of male childs they bully her and tease her for holding a dark tegument. Frieda hit a male child and threatens the other. Claudia came in to assist her sister and it seems that the male childs where ready to give the sisters a battle but so Maureen arrived and looks like the male childs did non desire to contend in forepart of her and merely left. Maureen asked the misss if they wanted to hold some ice pick and tends to handle merely Pecola. Claudia on the other manus felt abashed and went on without ice pick. The misss started speaking about menses. Pecola was asked if she had of all time seen her male parent bare and answered that she ne’er did but Maureen continued the issue though the sister told her to halt. The misss argued and Claudia started on impeaching Maureen that the miss is a boy-crazy piece Maureen would state them that they are ugly and that they are black. Pecola was hurt and Claudia was alarmed that what the other miss said is a fact. When the misss got home. they saw Henry entertaining Miss Marie and China. Claudia and Frieda disliked it because they know that their female parent hated those misss. These cocottes come in after Mrs. MacTeer leaves the house. Frieda would inquire Mr. Henry about them but the latter would lie and state her that they are merely members of his bible-study group. A black adult female named Geraldine who was married to adult male named Louis has a kid named junior. Geraldine gives a existent first-class attention of junior physically but early on. the kid understands that her female parent is non capable of giving them fondness ; the adult female would demo fondness merely to cats. As a consequence to this. junior would torment a cat or make something probably to ache the animal. Junior would wish to play with inkinesss but his female parent would non let him to play with what they consider a Low-class or nigga. One clip when Geraldine was out Junior asked Pecola to play with him and promised the miss to demo her some kitty. Pecola was overwhelmed by the beauty of the house. interim. junior throw a cat into her face that scratched her. Pecola tried to go forth but so junior stopped him from the door. The cat begun to wish her and Junior was irritated that Pecola got the cat’s attending. Junior threw the cat and hit the radiator. the cat fell down lifelessly. Geraldine was back by so and saw the cat. on the other manus junior said that Pecola was the 1 who killed it and so Geraldine told Pecola that she was a â€Å"nasty small black bitch† . Now Cholly came home rummy once more finds Pecola busy making the dishes. With mix desires of tenderness and lunacy of fury. Cholly raped his ain girl Pecola. She so swoons and when she wakes up she founds her female parent gazing down at her. In Loraine’s black community a light-skinned who was raised from the West was â€Å"self declared reader so as an adviser† . he is Soaphead church. He was a married adult male but was all of a sudden left two months afterwards so he discovered that he does non suit his profession and so he studied psychopathology and other societal scientific disciplines. had different occupations and eventually came to populate in Lorain. He rents a back from Bertha Reese and the lone job that he has with it is the landlady’s Canis familiaris which disgusts him. He planned to kill the Canis familiaris but every clip he tries he hesitates to travel near it. Pecola came to inquire Soaphead Church for bluish eyes. he understands Pecola and was touched by the child’s petition. He understand her through his ain attractive force to whiteness. he knows that he could non assist her but he told Pecola that she should give Bob. the Canis familiaris. a meat that he in secret poisoned. He said that if the Canis familiaris shows any reaction. her wants will so come true. The Canis familiaris that so ate the meat convulsed and earlier died. Pecola seeing the reaction of the Canis familiaris ran off. Meanwhile Soaphead remembers two kids who let him touch them in exchange of money and Sweets and wrote a missive to god stating that he had ne’er touched Pecola and that he Rivaled God for he had granted Pecola’s wish. It is besides said that she will non literally have her bluish eyes but because of the incident. she will believe she now does. Claudia and Frieda noticed that Pecola was inseminated by her ain male parent who had already run off. The whole vicinity was disgusted by that fact but some of them besides blamed Pecola. When her female parent Pauline found her. she hit her difficult. and beat her until she about loses her breath. The MacTeer sisters were sorrowed by the fact that none of the grownup at their topographic point seem to care for Pecola. In the contrary. Claudia made an thought on her head about how the babe looks like. She imagined that the babe with all the beautiful characteristics ; eyes. lips and tegument. They tend to assist hapless Pecola by praying for her and by giving a forfeit ; they plan to bury the money into Pecola’s house and they will works the remainder of the marigold seeds into their ain pace ( bookrags ) . Pecola started her lunacy and is ever conceive ofing that she has a new friend. Her fanciful friend would state her unfavorable judgments for looking at her ain image at the mirror ; Pecola would get down to inquire about how her eyes are so admiringly bluish and inquire her fanciful friend if her eyes are the bluest 1s. She thinks that all the people around her are covetous of her that’s why no 1 dares to look or gaze at her non even her female parent. Then Pecola’s friend would get down speaking about her male parent. and would state her that Mrs. Breedlove must truly lose her hubby really much because they are doing love a batch. The fanciful friend would impeach Pecola that she liked her father’s sexual progresss during the 2nd clip that Cholly raped her. Pecola got angry and decided to travel on to their first subject about her bluish eyes. Claudia and Frieda felt that they failed because their marigold seed ne’er grew and Pecola’s babe was born without life. Cholly died finally in a workhouse and Mrs. Breedlove and Pecola moved into a new topographic point. Claudia thought that it is the people who stand as the clime for a certain individual who tend to be the flower to bloom ( Toni Morrison The Bluest Eye ) . Citations: †Claudia and Frieda thought that it was because Pecola is holding her father’s babe that the seed of the marigold flower did non grow† ( p. 5 ) . This is when Claudia narrated her friend’s being pregnated by Pecola’s ain male parent ( novelguide. com ) . â€Å"Nuns go by every bit quiet as lecherousness. and bibulous work forces and sober eyes sing in the anteroom of the Grecian hotel ( p. 9 ) ( â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) it explains that in the fall or the start of the narrative. the people are non who they are every bit said to be. â€Å"We stare at her. desiring her staff of life. but more than that desiring to jab the haughtiness out of her eyes and nail the pride of ownership that curls her mastication oral cavity ( p. 9 ) . â€Å" ( novelguide. com ) it is when Claudia stated how she hated Villanucci non because of the things that the individual possess but because of her attitude towards the societal position that she has. â€Å"It had occurred to Pecola some clip ago that if her eyes. those eyes that held the images. and knew the sights-if those eyes of hers were different. that is to state. beautiful. she herself would be different ( P. 46 ) ( novelguide. com ) . † Pecola believed that her life would be different if merely her eyes would turn into bluish. â€Å"She looks up at him and sees the vacuity where wonder ought to lodge and something more. the entire absence of human recognition-the glassy discreteness. † ( p. 48 ) ( novelguide. com ) it is when Pecola went out to purchase confect and the proprietor of the shop did non look to appreciate the beauty she has as a kid. â€Å"The line between colored and nigger was non ever clear ( novelguide. com ) ; elusive and revealing marks threatened to gnaw it. and the ticker had to be changeless. † ( p. 87 ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) This explains how Geraldine tried to conceal the existent visual aspect of junior by taking good attention of him and his true tegument tone. â€Å"She was secure and grateful ; he was sort and lively. † ( p. 116 ) ( novelguide. com ) . The storyteller stated how the twosome. Pauline and Cholly. went good at the beginning of their relationship. â€Å"She was ne’er able. after her instruction in the films. to look at a face and non delegate it some class in the graduated table of absolute beauty. and the graduated table was one she absorbed in full from the Ag screen. † ( p. 122 ) ( novelguide. com ) . Pauline. the female parent of Pecola believed that she could non be compared with other white individual and that she is non beautiful harmonizing to the criterions of white. â€Å"Her simpleness decorated us ; her guilt sanctified us. her hurting made us glow with wellness. † ( p. 205 ) ( novelguide. com ) . The storyteller explains how Pecola’s lower status composite strengthens the feeling of high quality of the people around her. â€Å"Certain seeds it will non foster certain fruit it will non bear and when the land putting to deaths of its ain will. we acquiesce and say the victim had no right to populate. † ( p. 206 ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) . This explains that Pecola’s babe was born dead because the hapless being was hated and that the kid has no right to populate. â€Å"We had defended ourselves since memory against everything and everybody considered all address a codification to be broken by us. and all gestures subject to careful analysis ; we had become froward. oblique. and chesty. Cipher paid us any attending. so we paid really good attending to ourselves. Our restrictions were non known to us—not so. † ( Second-to-last chapter ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) Claudia meant that they ne’er let themselves be oppressed by other people because their parents are at that place to back up them non unlike Pecola who experiences the confrontation of life and decease jobs without anyone to maintain her strong. â€Å"The birdlike gestures are worn off to a mere picking and tweaking her manner between the tyre rims and the helianthuss. between Coke bottles and silkweed. among all the waste and beauty of the world—which is what she herself was. All of our waste which we dumped on her and which she absorbed ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) . And all of our beauty. which was hers foremost and which she gave to us. â€Å" ( Last chapter ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) This explains how Pecola was made into a symbol of how individual acquire along through the agonies with fright and learns to confront it with hope that shows the interior beauty of a individual. â€Å"Cholly loved her. I’m certain he did. He. at any rate. was the 1 who loved her adequate to touch her. enfold her. and give something of him to her. But his touch was fatal. and the something he gave her filled the matrix of her torment with decease ( last chapter ) . ( Tony Morrison ) . Claudia believed that Cholly loved Pecola the manner he loved Pauline because he touched her and made love to her like he did with Pauline but the love he has for Pecola was the ground of her lunacy. â€Å"For some ground Cholly had non hated the white work forces ; he hated. despised. the miss. Even a half-remembrance of this episode. along with myriad other humiliations. lickings. and emasculations. could stir him into flights of corruption that surprised himself–but non merely himself† . ( ShengYing ) â€Å"Here was an ugly small girl inquiring for beauty. A small black miss who wanted to lift up out of the cavity of her inkiness and see the universe with bluish eyes. â€Å" ( Tony Morrison ) this was when Pecola approached Soaphead church and asked him to allow her a wish which is to hold those bluish eyes. Work Cited ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. novelguide. com/TheBluestEye/toptenquotes. hypertext markup language ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. randomhouse. com/highschool/catalog/display. pperl? isbn=9780375411557 A ; view=excerpt ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //academic. Brooklyn. cuny. edu/english/melani/cs6/eye61. hypertext markup language ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. sparknotes. com/lit/bluesteye/quotes. hypertext markup language ( ShengYing ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. tqnyc. org/NYC040522/thebluesteye/finalwork. htm Bluest Eye Essay she besides retrieve how her sister usage to soothe her by singing to her. With that incident. she remembered that love was present. it is an understood though non straight expressed feeling. The MacTeer family had an add-on ; the first 1 was Mr. Henry Washington who lived with Mrs. Della Jones who already grew old and was left by her hubby who was believed to hold run off with another adult female. Another one is Pecola Breedloove. she is to be commiseration with because her male parent put their household house into ashes and now she’s under the country’s detention. Miss Breedlove. being a portion of the MacTeer household. loves to imbibe milk utilizing Shirley temple cup but Claudia expressed how she ever disliked the Shirley temple and the doll which has giver her as a present for Christmas. She tends to cognize why everyone thinks that the fair-haired doll is beautiful and where could its â€Å"beauty† be found. It was in the afternoon of Saturday when Pecola drank three quarts of milk and Mrs. MacTeer got huffy because of that. the sisters tried to avoid her when Pecola starts shed blooding. Frieda thought that Pecola was merely holding her menses and tried to put a tablet to the latter’s frock. Pecola so all of a sudden asked how babes are made. and so Frieda answered her that she has to happen person to love her first. It is on the Saturday forenoon of October. Mrs. Breedlove aftermaths foremost and started out a sudden explosion of action in the kitchen. Pecola is still in bed but she knows that her female parent will get down a battle with his male parent. The twosome battle between Cholly and his married woman became a everyday every after he gets home rummy. their boy Sammy would really either fall in the battle or run off from place while Pecola would happen a manner of how to stand the state of affairs. Mrs. Breedlove would inquire Cholly to convey her some coal for the range but Cholly would decline to make so and she says that one time she sneezing and gets cold from bringing the coal outside. so the hubby is in problem. Unfortunately Mrs. Breedlove sneezed so the battle started. The married woman would utilize a pan to hit her hubby so their boy would assist her female parent by hitting his male parents head. Once Cholly knocks out. Sammy would inquire his female parent to kill his male parent quick but so his female parent would hush him. On the contrary. Pecola still lies on her bed feeling sick. She even wishes she could merely vanish. She hates herself for her ugliness. her instructor and schoolmates would normally disregard her. She hopes for a blue oculus because she believes that that would do her expression reasonably merely like fair-haired Mary Jane pictured in the confect negligee. Pecola goes to see the cocottes populating above their flat. They are sort to her and would ever state her narratives about their â€Å"boyfriends† who are their clients. China. Poland. and Miss Marie are adult females who are non said to be a victim by their profession. they merely dislike work forces. They don’t experience ashamed of what they are. Pecola was so funny how it is likely to be in love or what love is like. She wonders if love is like her parent’s when doing love ; his male parent doing sounds as if agony in hurting while her female parent is quiet. The winter came when a new miss charmed the whole school. Maureen Peal has a cabinet next to Claudia’s and one twenty-four hours the new comer asked the MacTeer sisters if she could fall in them for walk place. The three misss saw Pecola who was harassed by a circle of male childs they bully her and tease her for holding a dark tegument. Frieda hit a male child and threatens the other. Claudia came in to assist her sister and it seems that the male childs where ready to give the sisters a battle but so Maureen arrived and looks like the male childs did non desire to contend in forepart of her and merely left. Maureen asked the misss if they wanted to hold some ice pick and tends to handle merely Pecola. Claudia on the other manus felt abashed and went on without ice pick. The misss started speaking about menses. Pecola was asked if she had of all time seen her male parent bare and answered that she ne’er did but Maureen continued the issue though the sister told her to halt. The misss argued and Claudia started on impeaching Maureen that the miss is a boy-crazy piece Maureen would state them that they are ugly and that they are black. Pecola was hurt and Claudia was alarmed that what the other miss said is a fact. When the misss got home. they saw Henry entertaining Miss Marie and China. Claudia and Frieda disliked it because they know that their female parent hated those misss. These cocottes come in after Mrs. MacTeer leaves the house. Frieda would inquire Mr. Henry about them but the latter would lie and state her that they are merely members of his bible-study group. A black adult female named Geraldine who was married to adult male named Louis has a kid named junior. Geraldine gives a existent first-class attention of junior physically but early on. the kid understands that her female parent is non capable of giving them fondness ; the adult female would demo fondness merely to cats. As a consequence to this. junior would torment a cat or make something probably to ache the animal. Junior would wish to play with inkinesss but his female parent would non let him to play with what they consider a Low-class or nigga. One clip when Geraldine was out Junior asked Pecola to play with him and promised the miss to demo her some kitty. Pecola was overwhelmed by the beauty of the house. interim. junior throw a cat into her face that scratched her. Pecola tried to go forth but so junior stopped him from the door. The cat begun to wish her and Junior was irritated that Pecola got the cat’s attending. Junior threw the cat and hit the radiator. the cat fell down lifelessly. Geraldine was back by so and saw the cat. on the other manus junior said that Pecola was the 1 who killed it and so Geraldine told Pecola that she was a â€Å"nasty small black bitch† . Now Cholly came home rummy once more finds Pecola busy making the dishes. With mix desires of tenderness and lunacy of fury. Cholly raped his ain girl Pecola. She so swoons and when she wakes up she founds her female parent gazing down at her. In Loraine’s black community a light-skinned who was raised from the West was â€Å"self declared reader so as an adviser† . he is Soaphead church. He was a married adult male but was all of a sudden left two months afterwards so he discovered that he does non suit his profession and so he studied psychopathology and other societal scientific disciplines. had different occupations and eventually came to populate in Lorain. He rents a back from Bertha Reese and the lone job that he has with it is the landlady’s Canis familiaris which disgusts him. He planned to kill the Canis familiaris but every clip he tries he hesitates to travel near it. Pecola came to inquire Soaphead Church for bluish eyes. he understands Pecola and was touched by the child’s petition. He understand her through his ain attractive force to whiteness. he knows that he could non assist her but he told Pecola that she should give Bob. the Canis familiaris. a meat that he in secret poisoned. He said that if the Canis familiaris shows any reaction. her wants will so come true. The Canis familiaris that so ate the meat convulsed and earlier died. Pecola seeing the reaction of the Canis familiaris ran off. Meanwhile Soaphead remembers two kids who let him touch them in exchange of money and Sweets and wrote a missive to god stating that he had ne’er touched Pecola and that he Rivaled God for he had granted Pecola’s wish. It is besides said that she will non literally have her bluish eyes but because of the incident. she will believe she now does. Claudia and Frieda noticed that Pecola was inseminated by her ain male parent who had already run off. The whole vicinity was disgusted by that fact but some of them besides blamed Pecola. When her female parent Pauline found her. she hit her difficult. and beat her until she about loses her breath. The MacTeer sisters were sorrowed by the fact that none of the grownup at their topographic point seem to care for Pecola. In the contrary. Claudia made an thought on her head about how the babe looks like. She imagined that the babe with all the beautiful characteristics ; eyes. lips and tegument. They tend to assist hapless Pecola by praying for her and by giving a forfeit ; they plan to bury the money into Pecola’s house and they will works the remainder of the marigold seeds into their ain pace ( bookrags ) . Pecola started her lunacy and is ever conceive ofing that she has a new friend. Her fanciful friend would state her unfavorable judgments for looking at her ain image at the mirror ; Pecola would get down to inquire about how her eyes are so admiringly bluish and inquire her fanciful friend if her eyes are the bluest 1s. She thinks that all the people around her are covetous of her that’s why no 1 dares to look or gaze at her non even her female parent. Then Pecola’s friend would get down speaking about her male parent. and would state her that Mrs. Breedlove must truly lose her hubby really much because they are doing love a batch. The fanciful friend would impeach Pecola that she liked her father’s sexual progresss during the 2nd clip that Cholly raped her. Pecola got angry and decided to travel on to their first subject about her bluish eyes. Claudia and Frieda felt that they failed because their marigold seed ne’er grew and Pecola’s babe was born without life. Cholly died finally in a workhouse and Mrs. Breedlove and Pecola moved into a new topographic point. Claudia thought that it is the people who stand as the clime for a certain individual who tend to be the flower to bloom ( Toni Morrison The Bluest Eye ) . Citations: †Claudia and Frieda thought that it was because Pecola is holding her father’s babe that the seed of the marigold flower did non grow† ( p. 5 ) . This is when Claudia narrated her friend’s being pregnated by Pecola’s ain male parent ( novelguide. com ) . â€Å"Nuns go by every bit quiet as lecherousness. and bibulous work forces and sober eyes sing in the anteroom of the Grecian hotel ( p. 9 ) ( â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) it explains that in the fall or the start of the narrative. the people are non who they are every bit said to be. â€Å"We stare at her. desiring her staff of life. but more than that desiring to jab the haughtiness out of her eyes and nail the pride of ownership that curls her mastication oral cavity ( p. 9 ) . â€Å" ( novelguide. com ) it is when Claudia stated how she hated Villanucci non because of the things that the individual possess but because of her attitude towards the societal position that she has. â€Å"It had occurred to Pecola some clip ago that if her eyes. those eyes that held the images. and knew the sights-if those eyes of hers were different. that is to state. beautiful. she herself would be different ( P. 46 ) ( novelguide. com ) . † Pecola believed that her life would be different if merely her eyes would turn into bluish. â€Å"She looks up at him and sees the vacuity where wonder ought to lodge and something more. the entire absence of human recognition-the glassy discreteness. † ( p. 48 ) ( novelguide. com ) it is when Pecola went out to purchase confect and the proprietor of the shop did non look to appreciate the beauty she has as a kid. â€Å"The line between colored and nigger was non ever clear ( novelguide. com ) ; elusive and revealing marks threatened to gnaw it. and the ticker had to be changeless. † ( p. 87 ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) This explains how Geraldine tried to conceal the existent visual aspect of junior by taking good attention of him and his true tegument tone. â€Å"She was secure and grateful ; he was sort and lively. † ( p. 116 ) ( novelguide. com ) . The storyteller stated how the twosome. Pauline and Cholly. went good at the beginning of their relationship. â€Å"She was ne’er able. after her instruction in the films. to look at a face and non delegate it some class in the graduated table of absolute beauty. and the graduated table was one she absorbed in full from the Ag screen. † ( p. 122 ) ( novelguide. com ) . Pauline. the female parent of Pecola believed that she could non be compared with other white individual and that she is non beautiful harmonizing to the criterions of white. â€Å"Her simpleness decorated us ; her guilt sanctified us. her hurting made us glow with wellness. † ( p. 205 ) ( novelguide. com ) . The storyteller explains how Pecola’s lower status composite strengthens the feeling of high quality of the people around her. â€Å"Certain seeds it will non foster certain fruit it will non bear and when the land putting to deaths of its ain will. we acquiesce and say the victim had no right to populate. † ( p. 206 ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) . This explains that Pecola’s babe was born dead because the hapless being was hated and that the kid has no right to populate. â€Å"We had defended ourselves since memory against everything and everybody considered all address a codification to be broken by us. and all gestures subject to careful analysis ; we had become froward. oblique. and chesty. Cipher paid us any attending. so we paid really good attending to ourselves. Our restrictions were non known to us—not so. † ( Second-to-last chapter ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) Claudia meant that they ne’er let themselves be oppressed by other people because their parents are at that place to back up them non unlike Pecola who experiences the confrontation of life and decease jobs without anyone to maintain her strong. â€Å"The birdlike gestures are worn off to a mere picking and tweaking her manner between the tyre rims and the helianthuss. between Coke bottles and silkweed. among all the waste and beauty of the world—which is what she herself was. All of our waste which we dumped on her and which she absorbed ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) . And all of our beauty. which was hers foremost and which she gave to us. â€Å" ( Last chapter ) ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) This explains how Pecola was made into a symbol of how individual acquire along through the agonies with fright and learns to confront it with hope that shows the interior beauty of a individual. â€Å"Cholly loved her. I’m certain he did. He. at any rate. was the 1 who loved her adequate to touch her. enfold her. and give something of him to her. But his touch was fatal. and the something he gave her filled the matrix of her torment with decease ( last chapter ) . ( Tony Morrison ) . Claudia believed that Cholly loved Pecola the manner he loved Pauline because he touched her and made love to her like he did with Pauline but the love he has for Pecola was the ground of her lunacy. â€Å"For some ground Cholly had non hated the white work forces ; he hated. despised. the miss. Even a half-remembrance of this episode. along with myriad other humiliations. lickings. and emasculations. could stir him into flights of corruption that surprised himself–but non merely himself† . ( ShengYing ) â€Å"Here was an ugly small girl inquiring for beauty. A small black miss who wanted to lift up out of the cavity of her inkiness and see the universe with bluish eyes. â€Å" ( Tony Morrison ) this was when Pecola approached Soaphead church and asked him to allow her a wish which is to hold those bluish eyes. Work Cited ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. novelguide. com/TheBluestEye/toptenquotes. hypertext markup language ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. randomhouse. com/highschool/catalog/display. pperl? isbn=9780375411557 A ; view=excerpt ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //academic. Brooklyn. cuny. edu/english/melani/cs6/eye61. hypertext markup language ( Toni Morrison â€Å"The Bluest Eye† ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. sparknotes. com/lit/bluesteye/quotes. hypertext markup language ( ShengYing ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www. tqnyc. org/NYC040522/thebluesteye/finalwork. htm

It depends on the question that the writer choose Essay - 1

It depends on the question that the writer choose - Essay Example While the previous era of globalization came up around falling transport costs, the current globalization is linked to the decrease in the costs of telecommunications, which make it easier to propel the world higher and make it a global village 1. These technologies have made developing nations to become big producers other than just relying on the trading of their raw materials to the west and get finished products in return. All these developments showcase a world full of selective understanding in which the main market players will be more coalitions of conjuncture and the traditional alliances built around a strategic interest point. In essence, globalization has led to the creation of more opportunities than harm. The benefits do outweigh the harms largely. The essay seeks to expound on how globalization has affected the word at positive level 2. The concept of globalization has remained a topic of interest, with great debaters focusing much on it. Its proponents have marked it as an exquisite phenomenon to happen in the world while its opponents criticize it strongly as a component linked to create harm rather than improving the existing conditions. One thing is well notable: that despite the challenges globalization faces, there is a great impact it has played on the lives of millions of people in the world3. Those against globalization may present diverse negative effects of its existence, such as environmental degradation, inequality in economic patterns, loss of jobs and other catastrophic events. However, a good number of developing countries are benefitting immensely from the vice more than before, in terms of economic growth, sustenance of culture and other angles. First, globalization has created many employment opportunities especially in developing nations. Many companies are reviving their operations especially with reference to ICT sector. There

Building of the Hoover Dam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Building of the Hoover Dam - Essay Example Based on the computation of FAR, two reasons why FAR declined will be explained. In relation to the case scenario of Hoover Dam and the accident that took place at the BP refinery back in 2005, effectiveness of civil law in terms of controlling the employers’ behaviour on health and safety will be tested. Explained under provision no. 30(1) of the Construction Design and Management Regulation 2007; construction companies should be careful when storing, transporting, and using explosives (legislation.gov.uk., 2010 a)2. Since the construction of Hoover Dam requires the workers to use explosives in creating hole in the canyon wall (Google Videos, 2010)3, construction companies should educate the workers regarding strategic ways on how to safely store, transport, and use explosive devices. When excavating grounds, construction companies are required to take safety measures by making sure that any portion of the excavated land or structure will not collapse, fall, trap, or bury innocent people within or outside the work environment as stated under the provision no. 31(1)(a)(b)(c) of the Construction Design and Management Regulation 2007 (legislation.gov.uk, 2010 b)4. For example: The construction of Hoover Dam requires deep excavations to create the base. With the use of power shovels, the head of the construction companies should closely monitor signs of potential accidents when the workers are digging the bottom of river mud (Construction Company.com, 2010)5. Health and safety guidelines are useful in terms of educating the workers on how they can safely dig the river mud without having its workers face the consequences of work-related accident. With this in mind, Hoover Dam workers should strictly follow health and safety guidelines not only with the use of explosives but also when excavating the grounds. To minimize unnecessary deaths and work-related accidents, you are

Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 11

Rhetorical Analysis - Essay Example The author achieves this by employing superior common ground, detached diction, and an academic tone to place the reader on a scholarly level observing an ancient disciplinary measures practice. The author in his book wrote about the Panopticon under the title â€Å"Panopticism† where he metaphorically alludes to the way authority takes charge and control of the people. He uses the seventeenth century order and case scenario to show the reader how people’s respect for the ones in power comes from their fear of the authority as opposed to the authority’s actual strength. The order was formulated at a time when the plague rose, and it functioned to separate people one by one from the eldest to the youngest, in terms of towns, classes, as well as individuals. This in terms of rule and authority was the ideal method of running a city. Having isolated everyone to quarters and giving orders to be followed, which the people feared to break for the consequences that would follow. The common ground for â€Å"Panopticism† is surveillance or the watchful eye of the law or authority instilling conditional obedience in its subjects through rule of fear. Theoretically speaking, the Panopticon is a building constructed in the shape of a circle with holding cells in multiple rings, built in a storey form. A tower is erected in the center of the rings in order to observe the prisoner’s activity. Each cell has sufficient room for holding one person and is partitioned by a wall from the next to deter prisoners from seeing each other as well as eliminate chances for mob action. The front side is blocked with bars while the back has a window to let in light so that the prisoner cannot hide. The author uses this model/theory to prove the effect of using fear to quarantine people and make them very submissive to authority. The people in the text were ordered to stay indoors, and none was to leave on pain of death. The syndics were given authority over

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Vivid Description of Mother - Essay Example Whenever my mother smiles, the white, well-shaped teeth brighten her whole face when she grins. She has a well soft developed body of medium height; her skin is smooth, light brown and splendid. She has four boys and one girl thus we are five siblings; two of the boys are twins, my brother and I are the eldest followed by the other siblings. Her beauty is glimpsing, she is lovely and caring about our personal problems and spiritual arena. She maintains high standards of cleanliness and wishes that all of us to follow the same pursuit. She is a hard-working, determined, goal-oriented woman and raised her family as she carried on with her studies. Despite the fact that her studies were involving, she always had time the family. She is eloquent in talking and persuasive while presenting facts that convinces one to agree wholeheartedly with her without any act of opposition. She is an academically oriented person and rarely does she stay without a plan to pursue her higher education in spite of raising her family. She is a professor in Nuclear Physic, and she attained her PhD from the Surrey University in England. She has managed to go up the ladder and fought through the academic levels to reach the highest. Her primary objective in her studies is obtaining and achieving her self-esteem through the exploration of the opportunities that she faces. The drive towards her education and what has facilitated her pursuit of education from the lowest level to the highest level has been made possible by the well financial base that she had developed in the entire life. However, she had to quit the job at the expense of her studies. She has served many institutions that range from colleges to the universities; the University of California and Harvard University just but to mention a few.  

Obamacare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Obamacare - Essay Example There are various advantages of the Obama health care plan. First, the act reduces the overall health care cost by making services available to the people who had no access to insurance (Chrumbelievable, 2012). Such people initially often used hospital emergency room as the primary care with increased medical cost. This will be a relief to such people. In addition, it is a relief to those who cannot afford health insurance. This is because the federal government will pay the state to incorporate them in the Medicaid (Chrumbelievable, 2012). Secondly, those who fail to qualify for expanded Medicaid due to low income the state will be compelled to set up insurance exchanges to alleviate the burden of getting private health insurance coverage (Chrumbelievable, 2012). Thirdly, those with preexisting conditions like children will not be denied insurance cover. Additionally, insurance company will not drop anyone from the cover once they become sick. Moreover, parents can now put their chi ldren on their health insurance cover up to 26 years old (Chrumbelievable, 2012). This will be advantageous to the insurance companies because they will get more premiums at a lower cost on covering healthier individuals. Equally, small business are spared by this care while large business are only required to offer health insurance, but receive tax credits to help employees pay premiums (Chrumbelievable, 2012). On the other hand, the Obamacare also has disadvantages. First, the increased coverage is likely to raise the health care costs. This is because a large group of people will receive preventive care and testing without establishing whether they had critical illness (ProQuest, n.d.). Secondly, the drug cost is likely to increase in the future as the pharmaceuticals companies are forced to pay over $80 billion in fee of closing the â€Å"donut hole† (Pipes, 2010). Some business may be discouraged to hire new employees. For example, the medical-device manufacturer and importers are required to pay a 2.35 excise tax (Pipes, 2010). There is also likelihood of tax being raised in the majority of the population. The Obamacare is in consistency with the constitutional framework of federalism. This is because the enactment of the Obamacare preserved state sovereignty (Democrat, 2012). Although it had numerous stringent federal mandates, the state had maintained substantial

Austism, Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Systems Analysis and Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Are humans naturally good or naturally evil Essay Example for Free

Are humans naturally good or naturally evil Essay Are humans naturally good or naturally evil? Paul Bloom’s (psychologist) answer is yes. Most adults know wrong from right, for the excep*on of psychos. The heroes who come to the rescue, the ones that are disappointed, by some of the things that occur in our society and the act of kindness. There is a push to make the wrongdoers pay for what they commi-ed, help the needy, also emo*onal responses that revolve around morality. Research in laboratories, prove the claim that sense of good and evil are bred in the bone. Babies and toddlers can judge others ac*ons based on whether they are evil or good. They feel the same way about evil and bad and react the same way as adults. They also like Nikki Daniel 2/12/14 1st current event of quarter 3 per 2 those who do too. Based on their behavior, their judgments and ac*ons we can tell what they like and dislike. There is limit to morality. Babies start slow and then start seeing themselves as a group. Most humans obtain general moral ideas. Our ac*ons fall low compare to our moral principles. Communica*ng with people with the same morals and values as you is a big part of growing up to be a good person. This research might change the way that many people feel about their babies and children. Some think babies are bad seeds others think they are psychopaths. Our surrounding can change our natural moral senses. Understanding moral psychology can make the world a be-er place. The Nikki Daniel 2/12/14 1st current event of quarter 3 per 2 science of baby morality is all about human natures best and worst. It is actually pre-y goal that babies and li-le kids can tell the di5erence between good from bad. I think with people with be-er morality, the world would be a be-er place. Many people believe in one thing and do something completely di5erent. I learned something new. Honestly, I thought babies’ brain was like a size of a peanut and did not know right from wrong. I knew they could sense when someone is a good person or bad person but I did not know about all of this.

Conflicts in Healthcare Organisations

Conflicts in Healthcare Organisations CONFLICT AND TEAM EFFECTIVENESS INTRODUCTION (SCENARIO) LOCATION :- MIDDLEMORE HOSPITAL Middlemore is a tertiary public care hospital which is managed by Counties Manukau Health Board. It provides several kinds of health and social care services. It is 800 bedded hospital with 24 operation theatres. In the hospital different kinds of departments are present. Around 4700 staff members providing their services in all departments. All the staff members are working as a great team. All the departments are interconnected with each other as all are depend on another departments services e.g. doctor always need help of nursing staff for providing care to the patients as well as radiology, laboratory and physiotherapy departments are also connected in all care facilities which are providing by the hospital. Sometimes team work get affected due to some issues in any workplace which affects on quality of care and on working environment as well. CONFLICT :- It is the major problem in any workplace which occur in two or more persons. Conflicts in healthcare organisations definitely affect patient care and productivity. It is necessary task for a team leader to identify the reason behind that conflict and to figure out a solution to avoid major consequences in the future. (Ramsey, M. 2001 April). Rate of happening conflicts in healthcare profession is higher instead of any other profession. (Barr Dowding, 2016). Our report is on a conflict which occur between two nurses. In the next paragraphs, I am going to submit a report on the whole problem as well as its outcomes. THE SCENARIO Conflict starts between day and night staff nurses Lisa (New Zealand resident working since last 2 years) and Tina (newly joined nurse from India) Tina (day staff) was more sincere and experienced than Lisa (night staff). Soon Tina built good IPR (Inter-personal Relationship) with all the staff members as well as doctors. She got some rewards from management because of her caring nature and working skills. On the other hand, Lisa was not good at her work as Tina was, sometimes she behave rudely with the patients. Lisa starts jealousy from Tina because of her respect in the staff and doctors. She always think Tina to make insulted from management and doctors. One night in the shift of Lisa a surgery planned by doctor for next morning but in the next morning while giving charge to Tina she hide the information about surgery and to keep the patient NPO (nil per orally) as ordered by the doctor. Moreover, she did not show the patients record to Tina in which the surgery was mentioned by the doctor. Tina serve breakfast to patient because she was unknown about the surgery. In the morning doctor came to visit the patient and asked to Tina is patient ready for operation theatre. She got shocked and said that I did not know about surgery, I gave breakfast to the patient. Doctor starts shouting to Tina. She explain that night staff did not tell anything to me about the surgery because it was planned in the night and I was just going to check the patients record than breakfast came and I serve it to patient. The doctor call the incharge nurse (Rosy) explain about the issue. Incharge feel sorry for this troublesomeness and disobliging work as well as for major issue created by her team. RESONS FOR CONFLICT Jealousy Communication gap Racism Competition Misunderstanding Disrespecting behaviour FACTORS AFFECTING WORKPLACE Conflict between Lisa and Tina increases day by day because of Lisas misunderstanding. Many times, it was noticed by incharge also and she warned Lisa several times, but the problem still exist. But today major issue was occur due to misunderstanding and communication gap between her team. These conflicts were going to affect the whole organisation which was not good for patient and the other staff members as well the organisation. Because the workplace environment influence staff satisfaction which is directly co-related to the organisation working environment that affect patient care. LACK OF COMMUNICATION When misunderstandings occur team members starts ignoring one another instructions and sometimes rules of organisation as well which definitely decreases the quality of care. STRESS AND JOB BURNOUT Lack of co-workers co-operation and communication leads to stress which decreases working power resulting in job burnout. EMPLOYMENT INSECURITY With the joining of new staff insecurity in the existing staff leads to stress and negative workplace environment. TEAM ERRORS Team is the first thing which is disturbed with these kinds of errors and misunderstandings. If the team will not work with co-operation, then many more problems are there to occur. EFFECTS OF CONFLICTS :- ON INDIVIDUAL Negative emotions Stress Lack of confidence Lack of emotions Depression ON TEAM / ORGANISATION Decrease productivity Violence among staff members Wastage of time Less focus on work ON PATIENT Stress Insecurity Compromised care Disturbed sleep pattern These all problems can disturb the chain of work and decrease the team effectiveness. So, incharge decided to discuss the problem with manager and to clear the misunderstandings of Lisa about Tina. She goes to manager and discuss about the problem and they planned about a team building day which will give time to all the staff members to communicate with each other and give some time to spend without any work load. They planned about some games and activities which were beneficial for a good team work and effectiveness of team. They choose many activities. ACTIVITIES FOR TEAM EFFECTIVENESS Team members chose some activities for team effectiveness in which all the group members were participated and they get time to introduce with each other and to understand each others behaviour very closely. On the very first stage there was confusion with some team members by doing activities together they form trust on each other and get close, all team members were clear about their roles and objectives which are mainly helpful on their workplace. Some of the team activities which were done on team building day are: BLIND FOLDES NEWS HEADINGSA MINEHUNT HUMAN KNOT BALANCING STICK AIRLOCK TEAM BUILDING All activities were helpful for building a great team but we select airlock team building in which all team members were tie with each other from legs and they have to walk through ring without any fall. We select this team activity to play because it shows automatically the dependency of one team member upon another co-worker. If one person does[A1] any mistake it will affect the whole team. OUTCOMES The major outcome of this activity was building trust on each other and working by co-operation. It shows that all group members are different from each other, their learning style are different, different personalities and traits are there, but this activity ensure that all team member can achieve any task with trust and co-operation, it must be productive as much as possible. Group activity convey a message of internalize as well as it increases team bonding. The main motto of this game was to appreciate of a team member in his/her achievement or strengths and help in weakness. It substitutes possibility thinking on the place of limited beliefs which relieve stress and increase talent of life balance. According to Switzler A (2009) some more things will need to be done on schedule. SCHEDUAL REGULAR TIME TO COMMUNICATE When poor communication occurs in any group or team there must be a written report of problem, its consequences and possible solutions. There will be a weekly or fortnightly meeting to discuss all the problem and their solutions. IDENTIFY AND SHARE BEHAVIOUR PATTERN The second main thing to do is to read team members behaviour. Behaviours to be identify are working, not working as well as missing behaviours. Involvement of team leader in every task is must. Obtaining data by survey Survey should also be involved in weekly meetings. It will help to collect sufficient and correct data to discuss with the group members and will helpful to make the solutions for major issues. GARNER SUPPORT BY TALKING YOUR COLLEAGUES The main role of team leader in this task is to solve a problem according to the situation. Never take any action if a single person complaining about another person in the team, first think about the situation and then take any action. But, if there any problem occur to your group you must have to attend it. If the same problem exists with similar frustration, then make a planned solution according to problem. OUR TEAM LEARNING STYLES AND PERSONALITY Team is a group of people who always work together with co-operation and co-ordination. Same we were a team of 4 members with different learning styles and personalities. One from us was a group leader and others follow the instruction of leader to make the team effective to do the task correctly and timely. First member SUKHDEEP KAUR she always learns from auditory style she has entrepreneur personality. Second member, HARSIMRANJIT SINGH also having great auditory learning and having campaigner personality. Third member JASPREET KAUR having console personality and she always learn through visual learning style. Fourth member was RANDEEP KAUR have mediator personality and she learns from visual activities. Harsimrans personality relates to the behaviour theory because he changes his behaviour according to situation. For instance, during the discussion in the classroom he easily adopt the new learning. Next member Sukhdeep relates to the cognitive theory because in every task she has great problem solving skills. Randeep and Jaspreet relates to constructive theory, at the time of discussion they both build new ideas from their experience. TEAM MEMBERS RECORD Sukhdeep She prepare scenario and workplace situation. She is more experienced than other team members. She had lot of ideas about workplace situations, she knows very well how to tackle that problems and to make team effective. She has done the conclusion of report as well. Harsimranjit He make the rationale and factors affecting workplace task as well as he made slides. He has great computer skills. He knows very well how to use word and what kind of slides are effective in presentation. He also create the team activity. Jaspreet she done the task of team members record. She can easily read the person his personality and style of learning and thinking. She relates theories to the team members in their role in team work. Randeep as Randeep is good in visual learning she searched on you tube as well as read course book to relate the theories with the group members in team. She did the 4th task of assignment about individual and team. MATRIX 22nd February 2017, we started our assignment in the classroom. In this period, we discuss about the task and material during the break time. 23rd February we done some work by own at our homes. Do some research on internet and read some articles about team effectiveness. 24th February we got together at Sukhdeeps home for further discussion. All members are very punctual all came on time but that day Harsimranjit got late because his train was cancelled. All team members great at their tasks and participated in every activity enthusiastically. 26th February all met at Jaspreets home, for preparing the slides and to do some role play activity preparation. In every task, Jaspreet and Randeeps role was related to Hersey Blanchard Theory. They follow all the instruction given by the group leader and done their work at a great level. Group leader explain them about the assignment that includes what to do, how to do for getting positive outcome. The character of Harsimranjit and Sukhdeep was related to transformational theory. While doing the task they motivated all group for concentration and great result. CONCLUSION At last, the whole report says about the conflict within the team members, its solutions as well as the team effectiveness. After doing all the task and activities we realise that a team can work effectively. If the team members are sincere about their role in the team. Bad behaviour of the team members can destroy the team and organisation. on the other hand, co-operative team can increase the productivity of care. [A1]

The Impact Of Terrorism On Tourism Tourism Essay

The Impact Of Terrorism On Tourism Tourism Essay In this study the main discussion will be about the impact of terrorism on tourism, how it is affecting tourism in any country and in this study the writer will discus in particularly about Egypt and how the tourism industry is in particular has been affected by these terrorist attacks. The main reason why the writer thinks that this area should be discussed is because many countries are affected with the action of terrorism and terrorists even though they happen to be safe countries. These kinds of attacks dont represent the country as a whole, they are groups of people who have issues with the government and they want to be in the spotlight and get media coverage from all over the world by attacking tourists. The main benefit from this research is to find out the main reason for these attacks, what are the consequences of the attacks on the tourism industry of Egypt? Why do terrorists attack tourists? How did they face it in the past and how should the country react upon terrorism in the future? Main data collection will be from journals and books; it is based on secondary research findings only. Then again there are some limitations of secondary research available in hand but there are some alternative ways to get the information needed for the study. The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of terrorism on tourism, which includes tourists movement and the consequences on the destination. The study will focus on the affects that the destination faces after the attacks, and how this kind of attacks affects tourism in the country. Tourism is a main income for many countries in the world; most of the developing countries are dependent on it even the less developed countries are counting on tourism as a second source of income after petrol, so it is fastest growing economic sectors in the developed/developing world (Aly Strazicich, n.d.). In the late 1960s and 1970s, tourism was often promoted as a way to reduce persistent balance of payment deficit and as a major source of foreign exchange (Essner, 2003). And it was direct and indirect on the government revenue, it was recognized as a means to diversify the economy and reduce reliance on traditional agriculture and industry (Aly Strazicich, n.d.). Simple terrorist attacks can affect on the tourism revenue, and this would be a bad impact on the country foreign exchange (Essner, 2003). It has been hard to define the word terrorism but one of the definitions describes it as: Any act taken with extraordinary methods including the use of force and violence with the aim of influencing social and political structure (Kucukaltan 2006, p.29). Egypt is one of the countries that depend on tourism, previous statement shows that in 2002 tourism represented 26% of their foreign exchange (write fix, 2010). However, due to some terrorist attacks this can change, such as in 1998 tourism has been affected very badly it has been reduced from 3,727 in 1997 to 2,565 in 1998 (Essner, 2003). In the next sections the author will be disusing about the methodology of this research, the literature review and solution and recommendations if available. Methodology: Secondary analysis is a form of research in which the data collected and processes by a researcher are reanalyzed by another, often for different purpose (Babbie 2007, p.227). Using secondary data has its advantages and disadvantages, to start with, its advantages: It is faster to collect and at a lower price than the primary data, it can provide the researchers with their research start point and help to define the research problem and learn the objectives (Kotler, et al., 2008). The disadvantages of using a secondary data research is: the needed information may not be researched or may not exist, or the definition needed is different or inappropriate for the research on hand (Kotler, et al., 2008). In this study the main resources that will be used are secondary resources. Most data collected will consist of relevant academic books, previous case study researches and the internet. The main books that will be used in this study will be from: Tourism and Terrorism by Professor Derman Kucukaltan, other books are more about terrorism and its conflict on the world, such a book: Global terrorism by James M. Lutz and Brenda J. On the other hand there are some academic books also available on Google books that will be used in this study such as: Inside Terrorism by Bruce Hoffman, and another book about the Mediterranean tourism edited By Yiorgos Apostolopoulos, Philippos J. Loukissas, Lila Leontidou, the chapter in the book is about tourism in Egypt written by Turgut Var and Kahlid Zakaria El Adli Imam. In addition to the books there are few reports and researches done about the impact of terrorism and tourism in Egypt, such as the one written by: Mark Bennet and Harry Bray and another report written by Hassan Aly and Strazicich from The Ohio State University. Other information about Egypt tourism statistics, recent terrorist attacks in Egypt news and figures will be used from some Internet sources, such as Al Jazeera English web site, BBC news, npr station online broadcasting and many more other websites. Literature review: Terrorism and tourism: Global Terrorism is a concern for all (Suder, 2006). To begin with it is important that terrorism and tourism is defined. Researchers had been giving many different definition of terrorism and it is difficult to define it, but from the writer point of view, the most appropriate definition will be that: Terrorism is a form of war; its goal is to destroy economies through random death and panic (Tarlow, 2006, p.82). It is also described as the planned, politically motivated attack perpetrated against non-combatant targets by sub national groups or secret against usually intended to influence an audience (download it, n.d.). Terrorism may also be a use of violence or threat of violence against civilians; in general terrorism could be defined as any act taken with extraordinary methods including the use of force and violence with the aim of influencing social and political structure (Kucukaltan, 2006, p.29). These are only some of the definition about terrorism but all the definition has a common principle about terrorism which is; that terrorism is a kind of violence. Most countries countenance national and/ or global fear of unending terrorism, especially after September 11; it became a priority of the world to fight against terrorism and to stop the growing number of terrorist organization (Kucukaltan, 2006). In addition there are different kinds of terrorist attacks, such as: Kidnapping, explosions, murder and hostage taking (Das Kratcoski, 2003). However tourism is the world number one industry and the service is reliant on the peoples protection and their security (Schuelke, 2000). And it is one of the fastest growing economic sector in the world and in Egypt since 1987 (Apostolopoulos, et al., 2001). In addition according to Aly and Strazicich (n.d.) report, tourism was recognized for its direct and indirect impact on government revenue and as a mean of diversifying the economy and reduces dependence on traditional agriculture and industry. Terrorism is confused with criminal behaviour, yet they are totally different elements. Tourism crime is a business while tourism terrorism is unwisely motivated by a group of people. Crime is known nationally in the country, but terrorism in known internationally because of media interest they get (Tarlow, 2006). According to Das and Kratroski (2003, p210) a terrorist mean: whoever practices violence and terrorism for realizing a political objective and anyone who resorts to terrorism for consuming power. In addition Terrorists seek to destroy nations or governments through random death that lead to an economic collapse, terrorists goals are different in that they seek the distribution of a tourism industry rather than the personal or commercial benefits from a specific action (Tarlow, 2002). Furthermore terrorist are willing to lose and risk their life in order to achieve their goals (Tarlow, 2002). And this is exactly what is happening in Egypt, all the attacks are done by angry people who are not agreeing with the government and so terrorism is the answer to their anger and achieving their goal, and because they want their voice to be heard they intend to seek media attention. Because terrorist seek media attention any event is an open target for terrorist (Tarlow, 2002). Moreover, the press and the media have a huge impact on them as they put them on the spotlight in any negative event (Das Kratroski, 2003). And from the writer point of view the media as well have a an affect on the destination image after broadcasting any event that had happened in that destination, it might build a good reputation or break the reputation of the destination. The history of terrorism in Egypt: Egypt tourism has a long history; it started during the presidential of Anwar Al Sadat, when he first made peace with Israel. This opened and changed the view of the Westerns to the Arabs and their leaders (Apostolopoulos, et al., 2001). Tourism represents one of the most beneficial sectors of Egypt economy but it is highly in danger to internal violence and regional politics (Apostolopoulos, et al., 2001). In other way it is unstable domestic economy that Egypt has. It all has started in the late 1970s when al-gamaa al-Islamiya began insulting and fighting the revolution that Egypt was going through, they targeted government officials, Coptic Christians, policemens, officers and tourists (Essner, 2003). These extremist Muslims group (al-gamaa al-Islamiya) launched their campaign all over again in 1992, this time their main targets where foreigner tourists, these terrorist attacks has paralysed the government and damaged the tourism between 1992 and early 1994 (Apostolopoulos, et al., 2001). Al-Gamaa Al-Islamiya are responsible for all the terrorist attacks that happened for the last 12 years, when they started first in 1992 they attacked a German cruise which no one was killed from the tourist but three Egyptian were hurt, then they attempted another attack in the same month where they killed a British tourist and wounded two others (Essner, 2003). In summer 1994 Egypt experienced a revival in their tourism industry and it rose again, furthermore their main tourists were mainly from the Gulf States (Apostolopoulos, et al., 2001). After a refresh growth of tourism, in 1996 there was another attack on tourists that killed 18 Greek tourists and another attack in the same month killed more than 58 persons who were mostly tourists (Apostopoulos, et al., 2001). Egypt tourism has lots of ups and downs. All this was affected by the terrorist attacks on tourist, tourism revenue increased enormously from 1994 to 1995, by 34% in 1995. And from 1995 to 1996 it fell by nearly 15% and it continued into 1997 where it fell 3% more (Essner, 2003). Although of all these attacks that Egypt had faced through the last 12 years, Tourism still plays a very big role in its economy, they got used to it and they copped with it. Tourists still visit Egypt but they are not satisfied with the security, but because it is a beautiful country tourist sacrifice and go to visit it. The main type of terrorism in Egypt is: Terrorism targeting a political regime: The aim is to destroy the government system, they want to send a message to the world and they want the government to use the Sharia Law. National Terrorism: The attacks are only in Egypt, they dont attack other countries and they have no support from outside the country. Organizational Terrorism: means Any kind of violent action carried out by two or more people to reject state regime and its application to debilitate state authority and to give messages to national and/ or international public opinion (Kucukaltan, 2006, p.39). And the main terrorism organizations in Egypt are Al-Gamaa Al-Islamiya. (Kucukaltan, 2006). Terrorism targets: Terrorist always attack people who are not protected and have weak security (Das Kratcoski, 2003). Therefore they have often used tourists as targets, because they are easy to attack and attract a lot of attention from the media (Frey, 2004, p17). Likewise the main targets of these terrorist attacks in Egypt are to be targeted on foreign tourist (Hazbun, 1997). Tourist has always been the main targets of Egypt terrorist attacks, from the beginning of this revolution in 1992 till 2009 all attacks where involved in tourist locations, such as in Luxor, Egyptian museum, Khan Al-Khalili souk in old Cairo and many other locations, in addition to the attacks it was the first foreign woman to be killed in a terrorist attack in 1992 (AL Jazeera English, 2008). Terrorists are attacking tourist destination because they know that tourism is Egypt main income to the country and they are attacking many foreigners and this will provide them with high media coverage. Kucukaltan (2006) identifies the main reasons why terrorist attacks tourism and these reasons are: Because attacks on tourism have immediate repercussions in the world public opinion. It damages the image of the country. It damages the economy of the country by destroying their tourism image. It creates an international diplomatic-crisis environment between the country and the country of the target of the victim. Therefore it is understandable from the above evidence and the reasons for these terrorist attacks to be held; it is also clear that the main targets for terrorist in Egypt are the foreign tourists. This has a huge impact on tourism as tourist has become common targets of these terrorist attacks, all these attacks has an affect on the tourist decision making, as tourist have fear and insecurity to travel to a country with a previous terrorist attacks, and this will create a barrier to the travellers and as a result a limitation to the growth of tourism will occur (Cooper et al., 2008). The impact of terrorist attacks: The main and most negatively affected from these attacks is the GPD of the country; the country will lose a lot of its income because of these terrorist attacks (Frey, 2004). Moreover, the second most important is that the country loses its sense of safety and security which will make tourists and the locals feel unsafe staying or living in that area (Fyall Garrod, 2005). Terrorism has a significant affect on tourism, for example: it can influence people of the advantages of living in the country side than in the city, because high population cities make them a target for terrorists. The transportation costs will increase; it also has a huge affect on the country revenue, especially if tourisms is one of the main revenue of the country GPD (Frey, 2004). On the other hand the Tourism marketing is the managerial process of anticipating and satisfying existing and potential visitors wants, it also means securing environmental and social needs as well as core consumer satisfaction (Fyall Garrod 2005, p.42). Therefore it is important that the destination has a good marketing image, and terrorism has a large negative impact on the destination image, for example one of these impacts of terrorism will be the Media whenever there is an event of a negative nature that is covered by the media it will have a huge impact on tourist demand, and this will help to destroy the destination image (Fyall Garrod, 2005). The recovery period after the attack: Recovery is defined as:The act, process, duration or an instance of recovering (The free dictionary, 2010). However, to get a full recovery from a terrorist attack it is not enough to get back to where you began before the attack, it is important that they reach the level where they are suppose to reach if the attack didnt happen to the destination (Bonham, et al., 2006). For Egypt to achieve full recovery they must achieve it by increasing their tourist arrival number faster and not just to where they were before the attack but where they are suppose to be if the attack didnt happen (Bonham, et al., 2006). There has been different ways that the Egyptian Government and especially the tourism industry had been trying in order to recover after the terrorist attacks since 1992. firstly, after the first attack in 1992 the government allocated US $25m to promote tourism in Egypt, they started by doing a campaign to help recovering, in 1995 and 1996 Egypt tourism industry recovered very strongly, through their visitors arrivals, number of nights and visitors spent has increased remarkably. This was due to the campaign which helped in developing new businesses such as building new hotels and resorts in the Red Sea Cost and Sinai Cost (Dean, 2004). When any tourism industry is under a high pressure and trying to recover from negative shock, the tour operators and the destination start to reduce their prices to sell and make the destination more competitive and attract more visitors (Cooper et al., 2008). The airlines and hotels are the most to be affected by the attacks as they reduce their prices significantly and this is because they want to maintain their occupancy level (Cooper et al., 2008). And this what had had happened to Egypt Air after the attacks in 1997, as many tourists cancelled their flights, and the airlines lost around 85,000 passenger, and at the end of the year they have announced their loss by 240 million Egyptian Pounds, it was a bad year for the company as they also had to reduce 50% of their domestic flights prices (Dean, 2004). Additionally an experience from other tourist-reliant destination such as Turkey and Israel indicates that it is unpredictable to know the revival of tourism after such an attack on the destination (Gurtner, 2004). There are few points that could help in recovering fast after any terrorist attack, such as: Response requires ingenuity and resilient attitude from the local community. Recreating a positive image of the destination, by international marketing and public relation; The government should ensure safety and security for the locals and the tourists. And many other ways in recovering such crisis (Gurtner, 2004). Recovering is the most important aspect that the government should be concerned about after any attack or crisis the country might be facing. For Egypt it has been hard to attempt a good recovery, because whenever they recover from the attack they face another attack after a short time. And this makes it difficult for them to recover a full recovery, because they always have to start from the point they left it before the attack and start all over again. Tourism in Egypt can be unpredictable and it has been described as a snake and Ladder, the tourists are tempted up the Ladder by a wealth of sea resorts, natural desert beauty and multi-layers of Pharaonic, Coptic and Islamic cultures, then tourists are plunged into the Snake-pit by terrorism and regional insecurity (Aly Strazicich, n.d.). Decisions and analysis As it has been discussed previously in the literature review, that tourism in Egypt is a very important aspect to the countrys economy, because it represents around 26% of it GPD. Egypt is a very beautiful country; it has been a tourist destination since the presidential era of Anwar Al-Sadat, and it continued to be a famous tourist destination world wide. People go to Egypt to visit the Pyramids, the Egyptian Museum, Luxor and the coastal cities of Egypt, as they have beautiful beaches and wonderful weather all year round. On the other hand, terrorism in Egypt has a huge effect on tourist arrival number to the country. Terrorism had started in 1970s when first Al-Gamaa Al-Islamiya group was formed, but it was more active in 1992 when they first started attacking tourist all around Egypt, especially in tourist destination and attractions such as in Kahan Al-Kalili Souq, Luxor and beach resorts. They have killed many of their foreigner tourists; they had killed the first British Woman in 1992, moreover in 1996 they killed around 18 Greek, along with 58 other tourist where killed a month latter and this was an extremely terrible shocking news when it has been announced all over the word by the media. From the writers point of view although of Egypts bad reputation and enormous terrorist attacks that they had especially targeting tourists, tourism in Egypt had never stopped although they had their bad phase when the tourist arrival enormously drooped, however people still visited Egypt because they know that its a beautiful country and these attacks do not represent the country as a whole, it just represented a group of political oriented people. People still visit the country and for some years it recovered from the affect of these attacks, but it has never recovered completely .Egypts tourism had its ups and downs and the country had tried and is still trying to recover from these attacks. They are working on keeping Egypt a famous and attractive tourist destination. From the writers point of view, tourism has been the terrorist groups main target, and they want to send their message to the world, as a result they have achieved it all the way through the media coverage that they get during every negative event. Media has a big influence on tourist decision making either negatively or positively. Moreover tourists are always looking for a holiday that will give them peace, secure and safety and Egypt doesnt provide that to its tourists. Safety and security is a very important aspects in any destination, tourist want to feel that they are in a secured and a safe country in order that they could relax and enjoy their holiday. For this reason, it is important that the government rebuilds the confidence in its target tourist market and provide them with a secure and a safe holiday that they are looking for. Terrorism war in Egypt started more than 12 years ago and it is still continuing and it will continue for more years to come if the Egyptian government doesnt do anything that will help to stop terrorism and find a solution that both parties (Al-Gamaa Al-Islamiya group and the Egyptian government) will agree on. From the writers point of view, the Egyptian government doesnt seem doing or working very hard in order to fix the situation in the country, in addition, the government should react fast to such situations, because terrorism never stops, it grows and spread very fast every day especially in a country like Egypt. When these terrorist groups will notice that there is no reaction from the government and as a result more attacks will be made by the groups and damage will be done to the country. The Egyptian government should initially consider the economy of the country and how its affecting the GPD of the country, followed by the countrys citizens who are also negatively affected from these terrorist attacks mainly that most businesses are locally owned and these businesses lose after any attack, especially if it is a tourism base business such as: the Airlines, hotels and souvenirs shops. Moreover terrorism destroys the feel of security of the locals in their own country. The government should fight for the security of the citizens and provide them with their rights. The Egyptian government should look after their citizens because they are also affected from these attacks. They should be more responsible to the people and provide a safe and more secured country to them. To demonstrate how important and affected the tourism industry could be by terrorism the following charts explains it all. Figure 1.0 (Andersen, 2000). To begin with, the first chart shows how tourist arrivals have increased from 1993 till the end of 1997 when then again enormously dropped in 1998 because of Luxor attack in 1997. This shows how tourism is significantly affected by any terrorism attack, and how it is important that the government should try to stop these attacks because it is affecting the countrys economic. Figure 2.0 (Andersen, 2000). Furthermore the second graph show how unpredictable tourism is in Egypt and any attack could affect the occupancy of the hotels. There are some years such as in 1997 and 1999, tourism is very high and active and in the next year it falls enormously and this is all because of terrorist attacks. In fact these attacks could be affecting the country on monthly bases rather than yearly. Conclusion and Recommendations: To conclude, this study has discussed the impact of terrorism on tourism in the case study of Egypt. Egypt is one of the famous tourist destinations in the world; it attracts millions of tourists every year to the country. Egypt GPD is dependent on tourism as an income, it represents around 26% of the country GPD therefore it is important for the government to make their country a safe and a secure destination for the locals and the tourists, but terrorism is one of the factors that is destroying tourism in the country. Terrorism in Egypt has a long history, it started in the late 1970s and stopped for a while and back once more very strongly in 1992, while this time they have been attacking tourists and getting media attention world widely. Egypt main terrorist group is called Al-Gamaa Al-Islamiya; they are a group of Muslim, who wants the government to make the Sharia Law the main government law. So these terrorist are fighting politics. And their main targets are always set on to tourists, especially foreigner tourists, although many of their attacks have killed local Egyptian people. However they always tend to attack tourist destination and attraction in Egypt, such as the Luxor and Khan Al-Kalili Cairos old Souk and many other places. Terrorist always intend to get media coverage and this makes them on the spotlight in any event world widely, and this is what they want to. Terrorist have different kind of attacks that they perform, such as: Hijacking, Kidnapping, and Suicide bombing and several other performances. Egypt has been attacked by terrorist for many years, and every time they try to recover from the attack they get attacked again, and they always have to start from the beginning to recover the consequences of the attack. In this study the writer had suggested sever ways that the government could try to end these attack in the country, such as negotiating, build a relationship with the terrorist group in order to understand them, prevent tourist travelling in a very big groups and turning away the media attention from them, these are however only few from many other recommendations that the government could do to prevent terrorism in the country. Because of time, the writer has not done a primary research in this study, the writer only used secondary research, and therefore more research is needed to be done to examine other factors that are responsible of these attacks, such as: How do the locals feel about these attacks? How has it affected them? and in which ways?, and the second point will be from the tourist point of view, how will they feel if they where in Egypt in a specific attack?, and will they come back to Egypt after they have seen or listened about a terrorist attack that happened in Egypt even though they have planned to go before the attack happen?, why will terrorism affect their decision making process, how is media important and how does it affect the countries reputation, so many things that could be discussed further more in the study. There are several ways that the Egyptian government could fight against terrorism in the country; here are some of the recommendations or the ways that would be effective in fighting against terrorism: Egypt tourism authority should take more responsibility of these attacks and also try to explain to the tour operators that they should prevent group tours and gathering, because terrorist always targets big groups, because their aim is to kill as much as they can in every attack they do. They also should try to prevent the media attention that these attacks get from the international media, because these media coverages has a big affect on tourist decision making when they want to travel, and tourist always intend to go away from a country that has political violence, and they always look for alternatives for that specific country. In addition there are several countries that could be replaced to Egypt such as: Cyprus, Greece and Turkey. Egypt government should put together with the tourism authority a new marketing campaign to the destination; they should build a new target market to the destination, and develop new projects. The government should build an international relation with the countries that they lost because of terrorism and try to compose a stronger relationship. Because these terrorist attacks does not represent the country, but it represent a group of people only, the people who are against the government and their laws. These are only few recommendations that the government could carry out to prevent or to decrease these terrorist attacks in the destination.